CyberHoot

Ticketmaster, the undisputed giant of event ticketing, recently found itself at the center of a unique ransomware breach. Allegations surfaced that hackers had stolen hundreds of thousands of concert tickets from an online database via a Snowflake Credential attack. The stolen tickets included printable tickets and barcodes, which hackers can quickly monetize. This sparked concerns among fans, especially when 35,000 printable tickets were released online, alarming cybersecurity researchers.

What makes this Ransomware Breach Unique?

From CyberHoot’s perspective, this ransomware event is particularly interesting and unique as hackers threaten to release more printable tickets and barcodes if their ransom demands are not met. While Ticketmaster claims they can revoke the stolen barcode tickets, most researchers believe the printable tickets remain valid for concert entry. This could lead to chaos at future concerts if fans show up with disputed tickets. Let’s break down what happened, the implications, and how both companies and consumers can protect themselves.

What Happened?

Hackers infiltrated a critical Ticketmaster database, stealing tickets for upcoming concerts. Fans were understandably upset, fearing they might be unable to buy tickets for their favorite artists. However, Ticketmaster insists that their security measures remain intact and that the stolen tickets will be revoked and rendered useless if purchased on the dark web. Security researchers, on the other hand, claim that Ticketmaster cannot revoke printable tickets. This is the current state of affairs.

The Importance of Cybersecurity in Ticketing

The ticketing industry, like many others, relies heavily on digital transactions and online platforms. This makes it a prime target for cybercriminals who aim to steal valuable data they can easily monetize on the dark web. Unlike typical attacks that seek Non-Public Personal Information (NPPI), or financial data (Credit cards for example), in this case hackers are monetizing valid concert tickets.  This Ticketmaster breach contains unique challenges surrounding revoking valid concert tickets.

The ticket issuance industry faces several unique challenges that must be considered when building a robust and effective cybersecurity program.

1. High Value: Concert and event tickets are highly valuable, both in monetary terms and for the personal significance they hold for fans.
2. Sensitive Information: Ticketing platforms store a wealth of sensitive information, including credit card details and NPPI.
3. Reputation: A security breach can severely damage a company’s reputation, leading to a loss of customer trust and revenue.

How Did this Breach Happen?

It’s become known that Ticketmaster was breached via a separate breach where Snowflake accounts for 165 major businesses (Snowflake breach) were stolen.  However, that is a unique threat vector that does not impact many businesses out there.  It’s for more important to understand how common everyday breaches occur via the list of attacks shown below:

1. Phishing Attacks: Cybercriminals often use phishing emails to socially engineer users into revealing their login credentials or to click malicious links. These attacks can implant malware, grant hackers access to email accounts or bank accounts (even those protected by MFA!).
2. Credential Stuffing: This involves using stolen usernames and passwords from other breaches to gain access to online accounts. In the absence of password managers, almost all users reuse passwords across multiple sites.
3. Exploiting Vulnerabilities: Hackers can exploit vulnerabilities in a website or mobile app to gain unauthorized access to the system.

Protecting Yourself as a Consumer

As a consumer, there are several steps you can take to protect yourself online:

1. Use Strong, Unique Passwords: Ensure that you use strong, unique passwords for all your online accounts (not just ticketing sites like Ticketmaster). Avoid reusing passwords across different sites.  Tip: It is not possible to accomplish this task without leveraging a Password Manager.
2. Enable Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): MFA adds an extra layer of security by requiring a second form of verification, such as a text message code, in addition to your password.
3. Be Wary of Phishing Emails: Always double-check the sender’s email address and look out for suspicious links. If an email asks for your login details or personal information, verify its legitimacy before responding.
4. Monitor Your Accounts: Regularly check your financial accounts for unusual activity and report it immediately if you find anything suspicious.

What Ticketing Platforms Should Do

To prevent potential breaches and protect their customers, ticketing platforms like Ticketmaster should implement a strong defense-in-depth cybersecurity program that includes the following measures:

1. Enhanced Authentication Mechanisms:

   • Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Implement MFA for all user accounts, especially those with access to sensitive databases. This adds an extra layer of security beyond just passwords.
   • Biometric Verification: Utilize biometric authentication for critical systems to ensure only authorized personnel can access sensitive data.

2. Advanced Monitoring and Threat Detection:

   • Anomaly Detection: Deploy advanced monitoring tools to detect unusual activity patterns, such as large-scale ticket downloads or unauthorized access attempts.
   • Behavioral Analytics: Use behavioral analytics to identify and respond to suspicious behavior that deviates from normal user activities.

3. Data Encryption and Tokenization:

   • Encrypt Sensitive Data: Ensure all sensitive information, including tickets and user data, is encrypted both at rest and in transit.
   • Tokenize Tickets: Replace actual ticket data with tokens that can be mapped back to the original data only by the ticketing system, reducing the risk of data theft.

4. Regular Security Audits and Penetration Testing:

   • Conduct Regular Audits: Perform regular security audits to identify and mitigate potential vulnerabilities in the system.
   • Penetration Testing: Engage in regular penetration testing to simulate attacks and identify weaknesses before they can be exploited by cybercriminals.

5. Revocation and Reissuance Procedures:

   • Dynamic Ticketing System: Implement a dynamic ticketing system that allows for the revocation and reissuance of tickets in real time, making it difficult for stolen tickets to be used.
   • Digital Watermarking: Use digital watermarking techniques to identify and track tickets, enabling easier detection of counterfeit or stolen tickets.

6. User Education and Awareness:

   • Phishing Awareness Training: Provide regular training to employees and users on recognizing and avoiding phishing attacks, which are a common entry point for hackers.
   • Security Best Practices: Educate users on best practices for securing their accounts, such as using strong, unique passwords and enabling MFA.

7. Incident Response and Recovery:

   • Develop an Incident Response Plan: Have a comprehensive incident response plan in place to quickly address breaches and minimize damage.
   • Data Backup and Recovery: Ensure regular backups of critical data and establish a robust recovery plan to restore services swiftly after an attack.

Conclusions

The Ticketmaster incident highlights the critical need for comprehensive defense-in-depth cybersecurity programs. By understanding these threats and taking proactive measures, both consumers and companies can better protect themselves from breaches. As our reliance on digital platforms for transactions and personal data storage continues to grow, staying informed, adopting essential technical measures such as password managers and MFA, and being vigilant against social engineering attacks are our best defenses.